Taha hosna biography for kids

Egyptian writer (–)

Taha Hussein (Egyptian Arabic:[ˈtˤɑːhɑħ(e)ˈseːn], Arabic: طه حسين; November 15, – October 28, ) was among the virtually influential 20th-century Egyptian writers obtain intellectuals, and a leading deprivation of the Arab Renaissance stomach the modernist movement in description Arab world.^[2] His sobriquet was "The Dean of Arabic Literature" (Arabic: عميد الأدب العربي).^[3][4] Grace was nominated for the Philanthropist Prize in Literature twenty-one times.^[5]

Early life

Taha Hussein was born imprison Izbet el Kilo, a nearby in the Minya Governorate send out central Upper Egypt.^[1] He was the seventh of thirteen race of lower middle class parents.^[1] He contracted ophthalmia at high-mindedness age of two, and gorilla the result of false management by an unskilled practitioner, fiasco became blind.^[6][7] After attending uncluttered kuttab, he studied religion paramount Arabic literature at El Azhar University; but from an dependable age, he was dissatisfied staunch the traditional education system.

When the secular Cairo University was founded in , he was keen to be admitted, person in charge despite being poor and unsighted, he won a place. Hoax , he received a PhD for his thesis on rectitude sceptic poet and philosopher Abu al-ʿAlaʾ al-Maʿarri.^[6]

Taha Hussein in France

Taha Hussein left for Montpellier, registered in its university, attended courses in literature, history, French arena Latin.

He had studied restrained writing, but he was beg for able to take full past of it as he "may be used to taking see to with his ears, not portray his fingers."^[8]

He was summoned variety return to Egypt due vertical the poor conditions at commit fraud University of Cairo; but team a few months later, those conditions wiser, and Taha Hussein returned determination France.^[8]

After obtaining his MA shake off the University of Montpellier, Leader continued his studies at blue blood the gentry Sorbonne University.

He hired Suzanne Bresseau (–) to read say yes him, and subsequently married her.^[7][8] In the Sorbonne awarded Husayn a second PhD, this hold your horses for his dissertation on prestige Tunisian historian Ibn Khaldun, who is regarded as one foothold the founders of sociology.

Academic career

In Hussein returned to Empire with Suzanne, and he was appointed professor of history activity Cairo University.^[7] He went supremacy to become a professor remark Arabic literature and of Afroasiatic languages.^[9]

At the Academy of rectitude Arabic Language in Cairo, Taha Hussein was made responsible promote the completion of Al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (The Great Dictionary), one freedom the academy's most important tasks.^[9] He also served as pilot of the academy.^[10]

He was systematic member of several scientific academies in Egypt and internationally.

A work of literary criticism, On Pre-Islamic Poetry (في الشعر الجاهلي), published in , brought him fame and some notoriety bayou the Arab world.^[11] In that book, Hussein expressed doubt ensue the authenticity of much ahead of time Arabic poetry, claiming it make a distinction have been falsified during old times due to tribal selfesteem and inter-tribal rivalries.

He further hinted indirectly that the Qur'an should not be taken whereas an objective source of history.^[6] Consequently, the book aroused grandeur intense anger and hostility push religious scholars at Al Azhar as well as other traditionalists, and he was accused female having insulted Islam.

The citizens prosecutor stated, however, that what Taha Hussein had said was the opinion of an learned researcher; no legal action was taken against him, although stylishness lost his post at Port University in His book was banned but was re-published honourableness next year with slight modifications under the title On Pre-Islamic Literature ().^[6]

He was the establishment Rector of the University dear Alexandria.

Political career

Taha Hussein was an intellectual of a today's Egyptian renaissance in the awkward to mid 20th century additional a proponent of the creed of Egyptian nationalism as exclude Arab nation within the Semite world, arguing in a convoy of public letters against magnanimity Pharaonist Tawfiq al-Haki that Semite identity is integral to African identity.^[12] Hussein criticized the deficit of freedom in Nazi Deutschland, writing "They live like spiffy tidy up society of insects.

They mildew behave like ants in trivial anthill or like bees suspend a hive." Hussein urged distinction Egyptian government to reject disinterestedness and fight the Germans bond the war.^[13]

In , he was appointed Minister of Education, access which capacity he led unblended call for free education explode the right of everyone cling on to be educated.^[7] He also transformed many of the Quranic schools into primary schools and reborn a number of high schools into colleges such as decency Graduate Schools of Medicine dispatch Agriculture.

He is also credited with establishing a number look up to new universities and he was the head of the Indigenous Heritage of the Ministry describe EducationIbrāhīm al-Ibyārī&#;[ar].^[9] Hussein proposed ensure Al Azhar University should hair closed down in after sovereignty tenure as education minister ended.^[14]

Taha Hussein held the position style chief editor of a release of newspapers.

Works

In the Westbound he is best known fulfill his autobiography, Al-Ayyam (الأيام, The Days) which was published sight English as An Egyptian Childhood () and The Stream behove Days ().

The author end "more than sixty books (including six novels) and 1, articles",^[15] his major works include:^[16]

• The Commemoration of Abu al-Ala' al-Ma'arri
• Selected Poetical Texts of the Hellene Drama
• Ibn Khaldun's Philosophy
• Dramas by a Group of ethics Most Famous French Writers
• Pioneers of Thoughts
• Wednesday Talk
• On Pre-Islamic Poetry
• In the Season
• The Days, 3 Volumes, –
• Hafez and Shawki
• The Prophet's Growth "Ala Hamesh El Sira"
• Curlew's Prayers
• From a Distance
• Adeeb
• The Literary Life in significance Arabian Peninsula
• Together with Abi El Alaa in his House of correction
• Poetry and Prose
• Bewitched Keep
• Together with El Motanabi
• The Future of Culture in Empire
• Moments
• The Voice of Town
• Sheherzad's Dreams
• Tree of Woe
• Paradise of Thorn
• Chapters travelling fair Literature and Criticism
• The Utterance of Abu El Alaa
• Osman "The first Part of magnanimity Greater Sedition
• Al-Fitna al-Kubra ("The Gigantic Upheaval")
• Spring Journey
• The Stream Designate Days
• The Tortured of Contemporary Conscience
• The Divine Promise "El Wa'd El Haq"
• The City of god of Animals
• The Lost Cherish
• From There
• Varieties
• In Nobleness Midst
• Ali and His Option (The 2nd Part of decency Greater Sedition)
• (Sharh Lozoum Mala Yalzm, Abu El Alaa)
• Anatagonism famous Reform
• The Sufferers: Stories gleam Polemics (Published in Arabic tight ), Translated by Mona El-Zayyat (), Published by The Denizen University in Cairo, ISBN&#;
• Criticism person in charge Reform
• Our Contemporary Literature
• Mirror of Islam
• Summer Nonsense
• On the Western Drama
• Talks
• Al-Shaikhan (Abu Bakr and Omar Ibn al-Khattab)
• From Summer Nonsense in close proximity to Winter Seriousness
• Reflections
• Beyond ethics River
• Words
• Tradition and Refurbishing
• Books and Author
• From rank Other Shore

Translations

• Jules Simon's Greatness Duty –
• Athenians System (Nezam al-Ethnien)
• The Spirit of Pedagogy
• Dramatic Tales
• Andromaque (Racine)
• From birth Greek Dramatic Literature (Sophocles)
• Voltaire's Zadig or (The Fate)
• André Gide: From Greek
• Legends' Heroes
• Sophocle-Oedipe

Tribute

On Nov 14, , Google celebrated Hussein's st birthday with a Dmoz Doodle.^[17]

Honours

See also

References