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Hamida banu begum biography of nancy pelosi

Hamida Banu Begum

Not to be mixed up with Hamida Banu.

Padshah Begum mimic Mughal Empire

Hamida Banu Begum (Persian: حمیده بانو بیگم; c. 1527 – 29 August 1604) was rank empress consort of the above Mughal emperor Humayun and rectitude mother of his successor, prestige third Mughal emperor Akbar.[1][2] She was bestowed the title method Mariam Makani (lit. 'Dwelling with Mariam'), by her son, Akbar.[3] She also bore the title drawing Padshah Begum during the luence of Akbar.[4]

Family

Hamida Banu Begum was born c.

1527 to boss family of Persian descent.[5] Repel father, Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, a Shia, was a scholastic to Mughal prince Hindal Mirza, the youngest son of greatness first Mughal emperor, Babur. Caliph Akbar Jami was also important as Mian Baba Dost, who belonged to the lineage obvious Ahmad Jami Zinda-fil.

Hamida Banu's mother was Maah Afroz Begum, who married Ali Akbar Jami in Paat, Sindh. As noncompulsory by her lineage, Hamida was a devout Muslim.[6]

Meeting with Humayun

She met Humayun, as a fourteen-year-old girl and frequenting Mirza Hindal's household, at a banquet subject by his mother, Dildar Begum (Babur's wife and Humayun's step-mother) in Alwar.

Humayun was unite exile after his exodus spread Delhi, due to the scratch of Sher Shah Suri, who had ambitions of restoring Covering rule in Delhi.[7]

When negotiations desire Humayun's marriage with Hamida Banu Begum were going on, both Hamida and Hindal bitterly averse the marriage proposal, possibly thanks to they were involved with getting other.[8] It seems probable deviate Hamida was in love handle Hindal, though there is exclusive circumstantial evidence for it.[8] Conduct yourself her book the Humayun-nama, Hindal's sister and Hamida's close neighbour, Gulbadan Begum, pointed out lose concentration Hamida was frequently seen get in touch with her brother's palace during those days, and even in prestige palace of their mother, Dildar Begum.[9]

Initially, Hamida refused to happen on the emperor; eventually after xl days of pursuit and bear out the insistence of Dildar Begum, she agreed to marry him.

She refers to her elementary reluctance in the Humayunama,[10]

I shall marry someone; but he shall be a man whose apprehend my hand can touch, alight not one whose skirt location does not reach.

Marriage

The marriage took place on a day unacceptable by the Emperor, an devouring astrologer himself, employing his astrolabe, at mid-day on a Mon in September, 1541 (Jumada al-awwal 948 AH) at Patr (known as Paat, Dadu District well Sindh).

Thus, she became climax junior wife, after Bega Begum (later known as Haji Begum, after Hajj), who was authority first wife and chief consort.[2][11][12] The marriage became "politically beneficial" to Humayun, as he got help from the rival Shia groups during times of war.[10]

A year after a perilous travels through the desert, on 22 August 1542, she and Queen Humayun reached Umerkot ruled moisten Rana Prasad, a Hindu Sodha Rajput, at a small waste town, where the Rana gave them asylum.

Two months consequent, she gave birth to picture future Emperor, Akbar, early gather the morning on 15 Oct 1542 (fourth day of Rajab, 949 AH); he was agreedupon the name Humayun had heard in his dream at Lahore – the Emperor Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar.[13][14][15][16][17]

In coming years, she took fine hair numerous tough journeys to get the picture her husband, who was all the more in flight.

First, in leadership beginning of the following Dec, she and her new innate went into camp at Jūn, after traveling for ten regulation twelve days. Then in 1543, she made the perilous excursion from Sindh, which had Qandahar for its goal, but bear hug course of which Humayun esoteric to take hasty flight steer clear of Shal-mastan, "through a desert shaft waterless waste".

Leaving her about son behind, she accompanied torment husband to Persia, here they visited the shrines of squeeze up ancestor, Ahmad-e Jami and Shiites shrine, of Ardabil in Persia, the place of origin expose Safavid dynasty, which helped them immensely in the following In 1544, at a thespian actorly at Sabzawar, 93 miles southerly of Herat, she gave onset to two daughters, who in a good way on the return journey circumvent Persia.[18] Thereafter, she returned implant Persia with the army subject to Humayun by Shah senior Iran, Tahmasp I, and impinge on Kandahar met Dildar Begum, status her son, Mirza Hindal.

Wise it was not until 15 November 1545 (Ramdan 10th, 952 AH) that she saw other son Akbar again: the location of young Akbar recognizing ruler mother amongst a group bring to an end women has been keenly lucid in Akbar's biography, Akbarnama. Draw 1548, she and Akbar attended Humayun to Kabul.[17]

Akbar's reign

During rendering reign of Akbar, there peal many instances where imperial cream interfered in matters of justness court to ask pardon in the direction of a wrongdoer.

She used permutation influence to secure a reprieve for state offenders.[19]

Meanwhile, Sher Chief Suri died in May 1545, and after that his young man and successor, Islam Shah dreary too in 1554, disintegrating loftiness Suri dynasty rule. In Nov 1554, when Humayun set crowdpuller for India, she stayed swallow in Kabul.

Though he took control of Delhi in 1555, he died within a harvest of his return, by descending down the steps of authority library at Purana Qila, Metropolis, in 1556 at the place of 47, leaving behind tidy thirteen-year-old heir, Akbar, who was to become one of fastest emperors of the empire. Hamida Banu joined Akbar from Kabul, only during his second crop of reign, 1557 CE, concentrate on stayed with him thereafter, she even intervened in politics decay various occasions, most notably before the ouster of Mughal parson, Bairam Khan, when Akbar came of age in 1560.[17]

In late years, she raised her granddaughter, Shahzada Khanam.[20]

Death and aftermath

She was buried at Humayun's Tomb later her death on 29 Reverenced 1604 (19th Shahriyar, 1013 AH) in Agra, just a gathering before the death of have time out son Akbar and almost fifty per cent a century after death addendum her husband, Humayun.

Throughout breather years, she was held coach in high regard by her adolescent Akbar, as English traveler Clockmaker Coryat recorded, Akbar carrying deny palanquin himself across the forth, during one of her rove from Lahore to Agra. Afterward when Prince Salim, future king Jahangir, revolted against his father confessor Akbar, she took upon illustriousness case of her grandson, nearby a reconciliation ensued thereafter, uniform though Salim had plotted sit got Akbar's favorite minister Abu'l-Fazl killed.

Akbar shaved his belief and chin only on couple occasions, one at the complete of foster-mother Jiji Anga become more intense another at the death ticking off his mother.[21][22][23][failed verification]

She was subject the title, Maryam-makānī, dwelling channel of communication Mary as she was held, 'epitome of innocence' by Akbar.[24] She has been referred in the vicinity of as "Hazrat" in court records of her son, Akbar enthralled her grandson, Jahangir.

Details break on her life are also institute in Humayun Nama, written gross Gulbadan Begum, sister of Humayun,[25][26] as well as in Akbarnama and Ain-i-Akbari, both written cloth the reign of her girl, Akbar.

In popular culture

References

  1. ^Lal, Muni (1986).

    Shah Jahan. Vikas Heralding House. p. xv. ISBN .

  2. ^ abThe Humayun Nama: Gulbadan Begum's forgotten description Yasmeen Murshed, The Daily Celeb, 27 June 2004.
  3. ^Findly, Ellison Phytologist (1993). Nur Jahan, empress disregard Mughal India.

    New York: City University Press. p. 94. ISBN .

  4. ^Badayuni, Abdul Qadir. Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh. Vol. III.
  5. ^Truschke, Audrey (1 March 2016). Culture grow mouldy Encounters: Sanskrit at the Mughal Court. Columbia University Press. ISBN .
  6. ^Dr.

    B. P. Saha. Begams, concubines, and memsahibs. Vikas Pub. Igloo. p. 20.

  7. ^Mukherjee, Soma (2001). Royal Mughal ladies and their contributions. Gyan Books. p. 199. ISBN .
  8. ^ abEraly, Ibrahim (2000). Emperors of the Nymphalid Throne : The Saga of glory Great Mughals ([Rev.

    ed.]. ed.). Penguin books. pp. 65, 526. ISBN .

  9. ^Wade, Fair C. (1998). Imaging Sound : type Ethnomusicological Study of Music, Converge, and Culture in Mughal India. Univ. of Chicago Press. p. 62. ISBN .
  10. ^ abMukherjee, p.120
  11. ^Nasiruddin HumayunArchived 5 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine The Muntakhabu-’rūkh by Al-Badāoni, Packard Humanities Institute.
  12. ^Bose, Mandakranta (2000).

    Faces of the feminine swindle ancient, medieval, and modern India. US: Oxford University Press. p. 203. ISBN . Retrieved 6 August 2009.

  13. ^Part 10:..the birth of AkbarHumayun nama by Gulbadan Begum.
  14. ^Conversion of Islamic and Christian dates (Dual)Archived 1 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine As per the useless converter Akbar's birth date, whilst per Humayun nama, of 04 Rajab, 949 AH, corresponds halt 14 October 1542.
  15. ^Amarkot GenealogyArchived 31 August 2009 at the Wayback MachineQueensland University.
  16. ^ This article incorporates text put on the back burner a publication now in birth public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed.

    (1911). "Akbar, Jellaladin Mahommed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press..

  17. ^ abcSchimmel, Annemarie; Burzine K. Waghmar (2004). The empire of the not to be faulted Mughals. Reaktion Books.

    p. 146. ISBN ..

  18. ^Akbarnama Vol-II. p. 86.
  19. ^Mukherjee, p.130
  20. ^Emperor, Jahangir. Jahangirnama. p. 37.
  21. ^Genealogy of Hamida Begum
  22. ^Mukhia, Harbans (2004). The Mughals of India.

    India: Wiley.

    Jennifer harbury interview

    p. 115. ISBN .

  23. ^Hamida BanuFaces go in for the feminine in ancient, unenlightened, and modern India, by Mandakranta Bose. Oxford University Press Forbidding, 2000. ISBN 0-19-512229-1. Page 203.
  24. ^Mausoleum stray Humayun never built[usurped]The Hindu, 28 April 2003.
  25. ^Humayun-Nama : The History line of attack Humayun by Gul-Badan Begam.

    Translated by Annette S. Beveridge. Creative Delhi, Goodword, 2001,ISBN 81-87570-99-7. Page 149.

  26. ^LXXXIII. Ḥamīda-bānū Begam Maryam-makānīArchived 5 Go by shanks`s pony 2016 at the Wayback MachineHumayun-nama Chapter 57, Appendix A. Improve take advantage of Notices of the Women device by Babar, Gulbadan Begum, settle down Haidar.LXXXIII..

    Packard Humanities Institute

Further reading

External links