Luis guillermo solis biography graphic organizer

President of Costa Rica from 2014 to 2018

In that Spanish name, the first dim paternal surname is Solís and say publicly second or maternal family label is Rivera.

Luis Guillermo Solís Rivera (Spanish pronunciation:[lwisɣiˈʝeɾmosoˈlisriˈβeɾa]; born 25 April 1958) is a Rib Rican politician and educator who was the 47th President do away with Costa Rica from 2014 clobber 2018.^[2] He is a associate of the Citizens' Action Resolution (PAC).

Solís led the a long way away in the 2014 presidential determination, and won the presidency birth a landslide election, earning further votes than any presidential officeseeker in the history of character nation. Solís has a lenghty academic and political career, final in his election as rectitude first President of Costa Rica to be a member stop the PAC.

Since May 2017, Luis Guillermo Solis has archaic under fire after a story accused him of corruptly expediting the legal process of Asiatic cement imports in favor swallow businessman and owner of Sinocem, Juan Carlos Bolaños, in far-out case known as Cementazo.^{[citation needed]} In May 2018 the Disclose Prosecutor of Costa Rica pink-slipped the charges against him.^[3]

Early survival, education, and academic career

Solís was born in San José, Rib Rica, to Vivienne Rivera Thespian, an educator, and Freddy Solís Avendaño, an uneducated shoemaker.

Both his parents lived in Turrialba, and as such many community consider him Turrialban.^[4] His motherly grandmother's family has Afro-Caribbean dominant Chinese roots, coming from State to Costa Rica in integrity early 1900s.^[5] Solís grew phone call in San Pedro de Montes de Oca and Curridabat, neighborhoods of San José.

He imitation Methodist High School in San José, where he was official of the student body, earlier studying history at the College of Costa Rica, where subside earned a degree with scholastic honors in 1979.^[6] He condign a master's degree in Italic American Studies at Tulane Further education college in New Orleans.^[7]

Solís has engaged various academic and consulting positions.

Between 1981 and 1987, dirt was an associate professor soothe the University of Costa Rica. In addition, he was spruce up Fulbright Scholar at the Sanitarium of Michigan from 1983 prefer 1985. During this time, Solís worked with the Arias authority and eventually became director trap the Center for Peace challenging Reconciliation (CPR for its Romance initials).^[6] From 1992 to 1995, Solís worked with the Statutory Council of the United Benevolence System.

Starting in 1999, Solís worked for Florida International Formation as coordinator in the Soul for the Administration of Equitableness and as a researcher merriment the Latin American and Sea Center, where he analyzed governmental and social events in Standard America.^[6]

A writer and editorial columnist, Solís has published numerous essays and books about national stall international affairs.

In the Decade, he wrote for La República, a daily newspaper based replace San José. His writing has been published by Foreign Contact Latinoamérica, Frontera Norte, Espacios flourishing Global Governance. His writing has focused on civil society, universal relations, and trade.^[6]

Solís is neat as a pin member of the Inter-American Conversation.

Political beginnings

While still at UCR, Solís joined the National Depreciation Party (PLN for its Romance initials) in 1977.^[6] Solís was an adviser to Óscar Arias in the Foreign Ministry, workings on the Esquipulas Peace See eye to eye for which Arias would next win a Nobel Peace Passion. Solís served as Director attack International Relations for the PLN.^[6] During José María Figueres Olsen's time in office, Solís was ambassador of Central American Affairs.^[7]

In 2002, Solís followed Rolando González Ulloa as General Secretary fairhaired the PLN, a position put your feet up resigned from the following year,^[6] citing his disappointment with high-mindedness Alcatel-Lucent bribery scandal that spend time at PLN leaders were involved superimpose.

In 2005, he denounced say publicly PLN for irregularities and dishonesty during party elections, along revive a host of former PLN members.^[8] Solís went as far-off as to call the PLN leadership "Napoleonic" and "anti-democratic".^[6] Closure officially renounced his affiliation board the party and returned be determined academics.

After the 2006 choosing, Solís' name began to advance up in PAC circles, ultra at meetings of the "ungroup," an informal gathering of Committee officials, led by former stand-in and former Vice President criticize the National University of Rib RicaAlberto Salom Echeverría.^[9]Ottón Solís, particular of PAC's founders and three-time presidential candidate, suggested that Luis Guillermo Solís run as topping vice presidential candidate in 2010.

Luis Guillermo Solis rejected character offer because he was locate for the General Secretariat lecture Ibero-America (SEGIB for its Country initials), and employees of SEGIB were not allowed to take part in elections.^[9]

In 2009, Luis Guillermo Solís began his official banding together with PAC.^[6] He began gate meetings of the "ungroup" keep in check 2010.

Within the party, Committee leader María Eugenia Venegas bona fide Solís' potential and pushed vindicate him to be elevated in the party. Solís undertook many trips around the country give explanation meet with national and sectional PAC leaders.^[9]

Solís announced his candidature for president on 27 Nov 2012.

In the PAC's prime, he ran against Epsy Mythologist Barr, Juan Carlos Mendoza García, and Ronald Solís Bolaños, awardwinning with 35 percent of righteousness vote,^[6] only 110 votes excellent than Juan Carlos Mendoza García.^[9]

In October 2013, he chose Helio Fallas and Ana Helena Chacón Echeverría as his Vice-Presidential sprint mates.^[10] Among his aims, Solís claimed he would clean compute corruption, create major investments pretense infrastructure, and shore up Bone Rica's universal health care highest social security system.^[5] He as well promised to continue initiatives make use of keep Costa Rica environmentally friendly.^[11] He said that he would "put the brakes" on contemporary free trade agreements and would begin correctly administrating current unproblematic trade agreements.^[12] As such, Solís received a tremendous amount supporting political support from the country's trade unions.^[13]

On 2 February 2014, Solís won the most votes in the election with 30.95 percent.

PLN candidate Johnny Araya came second with 29.95 pct of the vote.^[14] Most sell Solís' support came from nobility Central Valley provinces of San José, Alajuela, Heredia and Cartago.^[15]

Because no candidate exceeded 40 proportionality of the vote, a surfeit was scheduled for 6 Apr, as required by the organisation.

However, on 5 March, Araya announced that he would dispense with his campaign after polls showed him far behind Solís; ambush poll showed him losing mass over 43 percent.^[16] However, covered by Costa Rican law the overspill still had to take threatening, and Solís won with cranium 77 percent of the suffrage, the largest margin ever prerecorded for a free election advance Costa Rica.^[17][18][19] Unlike the eminent round, Solís earned a bulk in every province, including Puntarenas, Limón, and Guanacaste.^[20] When forbidden took office on 8 Hawthorn, he was the first official in 66 years not cling on to come from the PLN commemorate what is now the PUSC.^[20]

Immediately after the election, Solís thanked Costa Rican voters.

He normal congratulatory notes from world vanguard, including US Secretary of StateJohn Kerry, Ecuadoran President Rafael Correa, Mexican President Enrique Peña Nieto, Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro, Bolivian President Evo Morales, and probity spokesperson from the French Bureau of International Affairs.^[21] For sovereignty part, Araya congratulated Solís leave his victory, calling for country-wide unity.^[22]

A little over a period before taking office, in Apr 2014, Solís announced the beginning of his cabinet.

His bureau consists of mostly PAC comrades or non-aligned citizens. However, shine unsteadily PUSC members were also added: María del Rocío Sáenz, Indicate Pacheco's former health minister, heads the Costa Rican Social Solace System (Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social). Delia Villalobos, another find health minister, heads the Common Protection Council (Consejo de Seguridad).^[23]

Solís took office on 8 Could 2014,^[24] amid festive fanfare.^[25] Delegations from more than 80 countries attended his inauguration at Indifferent Sabana Metropolitan Park, including Emperor Felipe de Borbón of Espana, Evo Morales of Bolivia, Rafael Correa of Ecuador, and authority Secretary General of the Lodge of American States, José Miguel Insulza.^[26] Solís said, in Rib Rican vernacular, that he shambles taking over a "weed farm" (finca encharralada),^[24] pointing out ontogenesis income inequality and poverty, rightfully well as a national teachers' strike.^[27]

Economic issues

In 2014, President Solís presented a budget with fraudster increase in spending of 19% for 2015, an increase flawless 0.5% for 2016 and fraudster increase of 12% for 2017.^[28] When the 2017 budget was finally proposed, it totaled US$15.9 billion.

Debt payments account funds one-third of that amount. Personage greater concern is the actuality that a full 46% prime the budget will require scorn, a step that will appendix the debt owed to overseas entities.^[29]

The country's credit rating was reduced by Moody's Investors Advantage in early 2017 to Ba2 from Ba1, with a disallow outlook on the rating.

Nobility agency particularly cited the "rising government debt burden and a day high fiscal deficit, which was 5.2% of GDP in 2016". Moody's was also concerned attempt the "lack of political unanimity to implement measures to cut the fiscal deficit [which] drive result in further pressure ceaseless the government's debt ratios".^[30] Undecided late July 2017, the Rib Rica Central Bank estimated rectitude budget deficit at 6.1 percentage of the country's GDP.^[31]

A 2017 study by the Organisation vindicate Economic Co-operation and Development warned that reducing the foreign responsibility must be a very lighten priority for the government.

Extra fiscal reforms were also befitting to moderate the budget deficit.^[32]

Liquidity problems

In early August 2017, blue blood the gentry President admitted that the nation was facing a "liquidity crisis" and promised that a finer VAT tax and higher earnings tax rates were being advised by his government.

Such pecking order are essential, Solís told rectitude nation, because it was tackle difficulties in paying its strings and guaranteeing the provision try to be like services."^[31] "Despite all the bring to light calls and efforts we fake made since the start vacation my administration to contain expenditure and increase revenues, there not bad still a gap that awe must close with fresh resources," he said.

The crisis was occurring in spite of evolution, low inflation and continued tone down interest rates, Solís concluded.^[33]

He explained that the Treasury will rank payments on the public obligation first, then salaries, pensions, elitist, finally, on infrastructure. The successive priorities include transfers to institutions "according to their social urgency." All other payments will give somebody the job of made only if funds cabaret available.^[28]

Political, economic, and social philosophy

Like most members of Commission, Solís identifies himself as unadorned progressivist. His Plan Rescate, be a fan of Rescue Plan, outlines his civil beliefs. This plan focused go downwards three central issues: anti-corruption, mercantile growth, and reducing income inequality.^[34]

Solís claims that economic neoliberalism has created too much income bias for Costa Rica.^[34] Past governments have avoided collecting taxes meditate large companies and high-income earners, leading to budget deficits which Solís claims his administration desire fix through better enforcement.^[34] Phytologist should not encourage exports mock the expense of income expansion among the poor, according convey Solís.^[34] He believes that cheap liberalization has generally harmed platoon more than men because they have traditionally had less way in to higher-income jobs.

Part pressure that liberalization, he claims, focus ignoring the financial and evolution needs of the agricultural industry.

Solís supports environmental protections, which lighten up believes Costa Rica has forgotten.^[11] As such, Solís believes dump water must be safeguarded alien private development and mismanagement, score that has caused water shortages in many of the country's municipalities.

Solís claims that prohibited will prosecute violators of influence Water Resources Management Bill.^[34]

In joining, Solís supports increased LGBT require for lesbians, gays, bisexuals, increase in intensity transsexuals. In May 2014, dirt ordered that a rainbow enervate be flown over the Statesmanly House as a show defer to solidarity with gays on Intercontinental Day Against Homophobia and Transphobia.^[36]

Solís is a Catholic.

As unmixed presidential candidate, he visited leadership Basilica of Our Lady good deal Angels, home to the Bone Rican patron saintLa Negrita, efficient traditional pilgrimage for many Rib Ricans and tourists. He supports the separation of church gift state despite Catholicism being justness country's official religion.^[37] With note to ethical issues, he too supports civil unions, and in-vitro fertilization.

Personal life

Solis has five posterity from his previous marriage view his first wife, Nancy Olive Worsfold Richards (1987–2006): Monica, Cristina, Beatriz, Diego, and Ignacio.^[38][1]

Solís practical not married to Mercedes Peñas Domingo, but during his authority, she was altogether considered justness First Lady of Costa Rica.^[39] He and Peñas, who began dating in 2006, have assault daughter, Inés.^[1][38] Peñas said put off she hoped to be vigorous as an adviser to Solís, who called her "Jiminy Cricket."^[39] Peñas said that some adherent her duties as First Muhammedan were machista and she would nevertheless greet dignitaries and doing other obligations.^[39] In addition curry favor public service and academics, Solís enjoys farming.

As of July 2020, Solis has been named high-mindedness Interim Director of the Kimberly Green Latin American and Sea Center at Florida International Academy.

where he has been workings as a professor since 2018.^[40]

References

External links